Infiltration rate is the speed at which water enters and moves through the soil. It is a critical factor in determining how well soil can absorb and retain water for plant use and how much water will be lost as runoff. Factors such as soil texture, structure, and compaction affect the infiltration rate. A higher infiltration rate indicates that water is absorbed quickly, while a lower rate can lead to water pooling, erosion, or inadequate hydration for plants.
