Soil biota refers to the community of living organisms in the soil, including bacteria, fungi, earthworms, insects, nematodes, and other microorganisms. These organisms play a vital role in maintaining soil health by decomposing organic matter, cycling nutrients, enhancing soil structure, and promoting plant growth. Soil biota contributes to ecosystem functions such as nutrient availability, disease suppression, and organic matter decomposition, making them essential for sustainable farming and gardening.
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